Key Points:
- Dr. Huberman and Dr. Attia agree that despite ongoing research, NAD supplementation is not currently a strategy backed with adequate evidence for extending human lifespan, with more emphasis needed on exercise, sleep, nutrition, and emotional health as the primary factors for longevity.
- While they prioritize lifestyle factors for health and longevity, both experts include supplements such as EPA/DHA, Vitamin D3, methylated B vitamins, magnesium threonate, and creatine monohydrate in their routines as supportive tools.
In a recent episode of the Huberman Lab Podcast, Dr. Andrew Huberman and Dr. Peter Attia engaged in a substantive exploration of the science of aging and longevity. Their conversation delved into key molecular pathways, such as NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) metabolism, mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibition, and the role of sirtuins, all of which play critical roles in the aging process.
However, despite the promising results observed in animal studies, both experts expressed reservations about whether these findings will translate effectively to human applications. Their discussion highlights the complexities and challenges facing longevity research as it strives to extend not only lifespan but also healthspan.
Exploring NAD Supplements: NR, NMN, and Direct Infusion
NAD, a critical coenzyme involved in cellular energy production and DNA repair, was a focal point of the discussion. As Huberman and Attia noted, NAD levels decline naturally with age, leading to reduced cellular efficiency and increased oxidative stress. This decline is not merely a molecular curiosity but a significant factor in the aging process.
To address this, researchers have explored various strategies aimed at replenishing NAD levels, including supplementation with precursors such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), as well as direct NAD infusions. Huberman, recognizing the potential benefits, has incorporated NAD+ precursors into his own supplement routine and states that he has experienced accelerated hair growth.
Despite the theoretical appeal of these interventions, Dr. Attia emphasized the importance of caution. While NR and NMN have been shown to elevate NAD levels in animal models, their efficacy in humans remains unproven. Similarly, direct NAD infusions, though potentially more effective, are invasive and costly. The current body of evidence, according to Attia, is not yet sufficient to fully endorse these approaches, underscoring the need for more rigorous clinical trials.
The mTOR Pathway: A Key Player in Aging and Rapamycin’s Role
The discussion also highlighted the mTOR pathway, a critical regulator of cell growth and survival. While the mTOR pathway is essential during periods of growth and development, its overactivation later in life has been linked to accelerated aging and the onset of age-related diseases, such as cancer. Dr. Attia pointed to rapamycin, a well-studied mTOR inhibitor, as one of the most promising interventions currently under investigation. Originally developed as an immunosuppressant, rapamycin has demonstrated the ability to extend lifespan in various animal models, positioning it as a key subject of interest in longevity science.
However, the benefits of rapamycin are accompanied by potential risks. Dr. Attia, who incorporates rapamycin into his own regimen, noted side effects such as mouth sores and increased susceptibility to infections, which necessitate careful consideration. As with NAD supplements, more human studies are required to fully understand the long-term implications of rapamycin use in the context of aging.
The Impact of Caloric Restriction and the Resveratrol Controversy
Caloric restriction (CR) remains a well-documented method for extending lifespan, primarily due to its effects on mTOR inhibition and the activation of sirtuins—proteins that play a critical role in cellular stress responses and DNA repair. Huberman and Attia discussed how sirtuins, activated by NAD, may contribute to the longevity benefits of CR. Interestingly, sirtuins have also shown the potential to extend lifespan independently of CR in certain models, prompting interest in compounds like resveratrol, which has been touted as a sirtuin activator.
However, Dr. Attia expressed significant doubts regarding resveratrol. He critiqued the early excitement around the compound, pointing out that the NIH’s Interventions Testing Program (ITP) found that resveratrol failed to extend lifespan in mice. Subsequent studies have consistently failed to replicate the promising initial findings, and the doses required to achieve similar effects in humans are far beyond what is practical or safe. Attia’s assessment underscores the broader challenge in longevity science: the need for robust, reproducible research before any intervention can be confidently recommended.
Prioritizing Lifestyle Over Supplements: Huberman and Attia’s Approach to Longevity
In their conversation, Dr. Huberman and Dr. Attia wrapped up the podcast by addressing a key question: Should humans focus on the NAD pathway for longevity? Both experts firmly answered “no,” emphasizing that while NAD supplementation is an area of active research, it is not currently a priority for those seeking to extend their lifespan.
Instead, they both stressed that the most critical factors for health and longevity are exercise, sleep, nutrition, and emotional well-being. Huberman summarized their shared view by stating, “I completely agree with you. Exercise, sleep, nutrition, and emotional health, not listed in any particular order, Peter and I both completely agree those are the critical four.”
They agreed that these pillars are far more impactful than any supplement in promoting long-term health. With that being said, both Dr. Huberman and Dr. Attia still incorporate certain supplements into their longevity routines. As such, these supplements are seen as supportive tools rather than replacements for the foundational practices of a healthy lifestyle:
Their conversation highlights a critical perspective in the field of longevity: while molecular interventions continue to captivate scientific inquiry, the most reliable path to health and extended lifespan remains grounded in time-tested lifestyle practices. By integrating these foundational elements with carefully selected supplements, Dr. Huberman and Dr. Attia advocate for a balanced approach that prioritizes proven strategies while remaining open to emerging evidence in the science of aging.
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